{"id":1718,"date":"2023-12-21T15:57:44","date_gmt":"2023-12-21T15:57:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/?p=1718"},"modified":"2023-12-21T15:57:46","modified_gmt":"2023-12-21T15:57:46","slug":"the-democratic-skylight-an-illuminating-exhibition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/the-democratic-skylight-an-illuminating-exhibition\/","title":{"rendered":"The Democratic Skylight: an illuminating exhibition"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5384-6857\"><strong>Ricard Conesa S\u00e1nchez<\/strong><br><\/a>Historian and project officer at the EUROM<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt ends up being an exhibition where you don\u2019t really know if it is about history, art history or aesthetics. It does not come from any of these disciplines and it comes from all of them at the same time\u201d. This is how N\u00faria Ricart, a professor of Fine Arts at the University of Barcelona, described the exhibition <em>El tragaluz democr\u00e1tico. Pol\u00edticas de vida y muerte en el Estado espa\u00f1ol (1868-1976)<\/em> (\u201cThe democratic skylight: policies of life and death in Spain (1868-1976))\u201d. This multidisciplinary vision is one of the great milestones of this original exhibition that could be seen in the new hall of La Arquer\u00eda Art Centre in Madrid from March to July 2023. But beyond this quality, it is perhaps its daring approach that has drawn the most attention of its visitors. As its curator, Germ\u00e1n Labrador, explained: \u201cWhat the exhibition seeks is a radical estrangement of our own history and a deconstruction of the myths that have articulated it on a national level, putting in the foreground struggles for life, for dignity, the demands of subjects and groups that had been denied in a modernity implemented according to the needs of the capitalist market and the nation-state\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"El Tragaluz Democr\u00e1tico. Pol\u00edticas de vida y muerte en el Estado espa\u00f1ol (1868 - 1976)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/videoseries?list=PLWwJvjiRRgdjAe9gBP2Xf4-iFrNV14e4x\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Playlist with interviews and a guided visit to the exhibition. Videos by Eduardo Granados for the EUROM.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A large amount of paintings, sculptures, posters, photographs, videos, archival documents, publications and objects of various kinds (from a garrot, or a whip made of wood, leather and wires, to folkloric elements such as a big head or a giant) populated an intense tour through two floors of the impressive La Arquer\u00eda. Walter Benjamin\u2019s theories underlay this constellation of fragments of a collective past that glimpsed constant tension between popular struggles to expand their rights and freedoms on the one hand and the repression imposed through the modern state on the other. It was <em>El Tragaluz <\/em>(The Skylight\u201d), the powerful device created by Antonio Buero Vallejo in his science fiction story\u2014a machine that allowed people in the 25th century to see post-war Spain\u2014the allegorical door that introduced visitors to the exhibition, where they would see pieces of their past projected onto their present.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The ability to connect all these pieces to create a complex and powerful story only lies within few people\u2019s reach, and to listen to Germ\u00e1n Labrador explain his construction process is to behold a cascade of subtle ideas and images that speak to each other, complement each other, intertwine and confront each other throughout the exhibition. In June, EUROM wanted to interview Labrador, who is also a professor at Princeton University and director of public activities at the Queen Sof\u00eda National Museum Art Centre (MNCARS). He recently gave us the opportunity to film a report that can be seen in the different videos found on our website and our YouTube channel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/IMG_20230606_173632-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1722\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.3333333333333333;width:770px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/IMG_20230606_173632-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/IMG_20230606_173632-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/IMG_20230606_173632-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/IMG_20230606_173632-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/IMG_20230606_173632-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/IMG_20230606_173632-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/IMG_20230606_173632-610x458.jpg 610w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A group of students visiting the exhibition. Picture: EUROM<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The exhibition was divided into four major sections. The first started with the civic struggles of 1868 and the Sexenio Democr\u00e1tico until 1936; the second focused on the years of the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939); the third was primarily about Franco\u2019s dictatorship; and the fourth and final section was dedicated to the origins of the democratic transition. There was a firm and determined commitment to begin chronologically with one of the various democratising moments that the country underwent as far back as the 19th century, when several of the demands that form the basis of current freedoms originated: the abolition of the death penalty, the end of slavery, demands for women\u2019s rights, secularism and religious freedom, freedom of the press, rights of association and many, many more. The construction of the modern state and all its repressive machinery, which it would develop in the colonies and in the Iberian peninsula itself, assembled under a powerful nationalism with a Catholic legacy, leaves a deep mark throughout the exhibition. In fact, one of its strengths is how it weaves colonial violence in Cuba, the Philippines, Puerto Rico, the Rif and Guinea into the Spanish historical narrative. In one of our interviews, CSIC anthropologist Francisco Ferr\u00e1ndiz, an advisor to the State Secretariat for Democratic Memory (SEMD) and the promoter of the exhibition, told us how this portrait of colonial violence had been rejected by certain parts of current public opinion. The exhibition hit the nail on the head because it explained \u201cthat in some way we are educated with this idea of the civilisational empire, etcetera, etcetera. And if you question it or take the point of view of the victims of colonisation, there are people who find that&#8230; unsettling\u201d. It was foreseeable that this exhibition would collide head-on with the conservative and far-right wave that is currently sweeping Spain (and Europe) and that seeks to restore the old myths of an anachronistic history of heroes and battles, empires and national feats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/IMG_20230606_172336-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1721\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.3333333333333333;width:770px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/IMG_20230606_172336-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/IMG_20230606_172336-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/IMG_20230606_172336-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/IMG_20230606_172336-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/IMG_20230606_172336-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/IMG_20230606_172336-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/IMG_20230606_172336-610x458.jpg 610w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Reproduction of the statue of Las dos Mar\u00edas. The original is at Santiago de Compostela. Picture: EUROM<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The portrait of modernised and industrialised violence during the Spanish Civil War (what better example than the aerial bombardments, also heirs of colonial practices and a testing ground for the world war that would come later?) was contested by forms of resistance and solidarity in the fight against fascism. And although the systemic repression and the necrophilic death cult of General Franco\u2019s dictatorship was reflected in the \u201cimmense prison\u201d that the country became, with its \u201cmartyrs\u201d and \u201cfallen\u201d, parades, canopies and banners, exhumations, tombs and monuments, the exhibition leaves an important matter very clear: \u201cthe forms of dignity of the anti-fascist struggles did not simply disappear in April 1939: they endure in memory, in language, in the imagination, as the capital of utopias. They are an incorruptible school\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The final touch to the exhibition were the different artistic pieces, including \u201cSeis j\u00f3venes\u201d (\u201cSix Young Men\u201d) by Juan Genov\u00e9s, and the reproduction of the destroyed car carrying Admiral Carrero Blanco, General Franco\u2019s right-hand man, a work by the ever-provocative and brilliant Fernando S\u00e1nchez Castillo. Although it was initially planned for the chronology of the exhibition to reach the present day, it is a total shame that this last section was not carried out, leaving the transition as the ending point. Let us hope that the publication of the promising catalogue can compensate for this encroaching feeling of wanting more. Above all, let us hope that the State Secretariat for Democratic Memory continues to support these types of exhibitions, which are so necessary in the Spanish \u201cmemory\u201d scene, exhibitions that add complexity to the past and challenge our present, with original approaches and unusual compositions, daring and capable of making us rethink the cultural heritage of the struggles for democratic freedoms that have brought us here (and the potential of their legacy).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/IMG_20230607_134818-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1723\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.3333333333333333;width:770px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/IMG_20230607_134818-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/IMG_20230607_134818-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/IMG_20230607_134818-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/IMG_20230607_134818-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/IMG_20230607_134818-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/IMG_20230607_134818-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/IMG_20230607_134818-610x458.jpg 610w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Fernando S\u00e1nchez Castillo explaining his sculpture &#8220;Carrero Blanco Car&#8221;. Picture: EUROM<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Exhibition: <a href=\"https:\/\/fundacionenaire.es\/exposicion\/el-tragaluz-democratico-arqueria\/\"><em>El tragaluz democr\u00e1tico. Pol\u00edticas de vida y muerte en el Estado espa\u00f1ol <\/em><\/a><em>(1868-1976)<\/em>. Curator: Germ\u00e1n Labrador M\u00e9ndez. Production: Ministry of the Presidency, Relations with the Cortes and Democratic Memory; State Secretariat for Democratic Memory (SEMD); Ministry of Transport, Mobility and Urban Agenda \u2013 Fundaci\u00f3n ENAIRE; Acci\u00f3n Cultural Espa\u00f1ola. Location: Centro de Arte la Arquer\u00eda. Nuevos Ministerios (Madrid, Espa\u00f1a). Dates: 24 March 2023 \u2013 23 July 2023<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-interactive=\"core\/file\" class=\"wp-block-file\"><object data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!state.hasPdfPreview\" hidden class=\"wp-block-file__embed\" data=\"https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/Eurom_magazine_7-13_p80-83.pdf\" type=\"application\/pdf\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px\" aria-label=\"Embed of Eurom_magazine_7-13_p80-83.\"><\/object><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-0aa8182c-6790-4e98-9955-8f431198df17\" href=\"https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/Eurom_magazine_7-13_p80-83.pdf\">Eurom_magazine_7-13_p80-83<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/12\/Eurom_magazine_7-13_p80-83.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-0aa8182c-6790-4e98-9955-8f431198df17\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ricard Conesa S\u00e1nchezHistorian and project officer at the EUROM \u201cIt ends up being an exhibition where you don\u2019t really know if it is about history, art history or aesthetics. It does not come from any of these disciplines and it comes from all of them at the same time\u201d. This is how N\u00faria Ricart, a &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":1719,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1718","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-eurom-review"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1718","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1718"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1718\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1780,"href":"https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1718\/revisions\/1780"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1719"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1718"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1718"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/europeanmemories.net\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1718"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}